TIFF Amathuluzi

Guqula TIFF kuya futhi kusuka kumafomethi ahlukahlukene

Mayelana TIFF

Amafayela e-TIFF asekela ukujula kwe-bit ephezulu kanye nokucindezelwa okungenakulahlekelwa, okulungele ukuthwebula izithombe zobungcweti kanye nokuphrinta.

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile

Ukuthwebula izithombe kobungcweti kanye nokuskena
Amafayela esithombe alungele ukuphrinta
Ukugcina izithombe ezisezingeni eliphezulu

TIFF Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Yokuguqulwa

Yini ihele TIFF?

Ifomethi yefayela lesithombe elibhalwe nge-TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) iyifomethi yesithombe eguquguqukayo esekela izindlela eziningi zokucindezela.

Ingabe kukhona okulahlekile uma i-TIFF iguqulwa ibe yifomethi engekho emthethweni?

Akukho data ye-pixel. TIFF igcina isithombe ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokuyifinyelela, ngakho ukuguqulwa phakathi kwefomethi ezimbili ezingalahleki kuphindeka futhi kungaphinda kuphindeka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Okungakwazi ukulahleka yizinto zonke ezingaphansi kwe-pixels — amaprofayili wemibala, ukubukeka okucacile, ukubukeka, i-metadata efakwe — ngoba usizo lwalezi luhluka kakhulu phakathi kwefomethi kune-pixel storage. I-TIFF iyindawo yokuqoqa engaphezu kwe-codec: ingagcina idatha engacindezelwanga, i-LZW, i-ZIP noma i-JPEG, kuze kube yi-32 bits ngasinye, ngekhasi eliningi kwifayela elilodwa.

Kungani iziskaneri nezigobo zefayela zikhiqiza TIFF?

Ngenxa yokuthi igcina isithombe esithathwe ngaphandle kokucabanga nganoma yini kuwe - akukho ukucindezeleka okulahlekile okuthosiwe ekuthatheni, futhi indawo yedatha yemeta edinga ukuphuma kwedokhumende. Lokhu kwenza kube yifomethi efanele engxenyeni yokuthwebula futhi enzima ukusakaza, ngakho amafayela agcina okubhaliwe futhi adlulise amakhophi aguqulwe. I-TIFF iphatha i-CMYK, 16-bit ububanzi, i-ICC ifaka amaprofayili namadokhumende amakhasi amaningi, okuwukuthi okuthile okudingekayo ukuphrinta nokugcinwa kwemisebenzi.

Ingabe umbhalo ku TIFF ungahlela ngemuva kokuguqulwa?

Akukho - ifakwe kusithombe kanye nanoma yini enye. Uhlobo oluphilayo luyimpahla yefayela elisebenza, futhi yonke indlela yokuthumela igcina ama-pixels aqediwe, ngakho-ke iphutha lokushicilela eliphawulwe ngemuva kokuthunyelwa kungaxazululwa kuphela ngokubuyela emuva kokuqala nokuthunyelwa kabusha. Lokhu kuyisizathu sokugcina ifayela elihlobene njengelungu futhi uthathe ikhophi ngalinye elihlanzekile njenge-output esetshenziswayo endaweni yedokhumende.

Kungani TIFF yami ikhulu kakhulu kunale sithombe esifanayo njenge-JPG?

Ngenxa yokuthi igcina wonke ama-pixel, futhi kusithombe cishe akukho ama-pixel amabili afana. Ukucindezela okungaba khona kusebenza ngokuthola ukuphindeka, futhi imbewu, umsindo kanye ne-gradients inikeza okuncane kakhulu, ngakho ifayela lihlala lisencane kakhulu. Kusithombe-skrini, ilogo noma umdwebo we-line ucindezela ofanayo kubukeka kuhle. Lo mhlukaniso - omangalisayo kumbala oqinile, okhohlisa kuzithombe - yiqiniso lonke lapho lefomethi ilungile. Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-TIFF kuyinkinga yayo - ama-TIFF amabili angakhiwa ngendlela ehlukile yokuthi isofthiwe efunda enye iphutha kwezinye - futhi amafayela akhulu.

Ingabe i-TIFF igcina isizinda esicacile?

Yebo - ifomu ligcina i-alpha channel engokoqobo, ngakho-ke ukucisha izithonjana, izithako ezibomvu kanye nezibopho zigcina ukubukeka kwazo ngaphandle kokufika ku-rectangle emhlophe. Ukushintsha kufomethi ngaphandle kwe-alpha kuyilapho kudlula khona okungalungile: izindawo ezibonakalayo zigcwele umbala oqinile, ngokuvamile omnyama noma obomvu, futhi akukho indlela yokubuyela emuva encane yokufihla isithako futhi.

Ingabe TIFF iyifomethi efanele yezithombe-skrini ne-line art?

Yebo, ngenxa yesizathu esicacile ukuthi kuyinto engalungile yezithombe. I-chrome yokuxhumana, umbhalo kanye nama-graphic aqinile-e-edge ayizingxenye ezinkulu zombala ofanayo nezilimi eziqinile, eziphatha ukucindezeleka okungaba khona ngokuphumelelayo futhi ukucindezeleka okungaba khona ku-smears - i-tell iyi-halo emnyama evela ngaphesheya kokubhala lapho isithombe-skrini sidlula ku-encoder yezithombe. Gcina izithombe-skrini lapha futhi uguqule kuphela uma kukhona okuthile okuqhubekayo.

Ingabe TIFF igcina umbala we-CMYK wokuphrinta?

Kungenza, ngakho amafayela ephrinta asuka emithonjeni yomsebenzi avame ukubukeka ahlukile kusikrini: amamibala acaciswa ngezinga le-ink elisengxenyeni ye-press kune-light ye-monitor. Amafomethi amaningi we-web-facing yi-RGB kuphela, ngakho ukuguqulwa kufanele kuguqulwe, futhi ukuguqulwa kulinganiselwa — u-cyan ogcwele no-orange ushintsho kakhulu. Kunoma yini ehamba kuphrinta, gcina okususelwa kunoma yini oguqula.

Ingabe kubaluleke ukuthi TIFF ingaphezu kweminyaka engu-30?

Ubudala bukhona akuyona inkinga - amafomethi amaningi onyaka akhona alungile, ngokucacile ngoba konke kudlule iminyaka eminingi ukuwafaka. Okubalulekile ukuthi unyaka uthathe isinqumo: amafayela amancane, amaprosesa aphansi, akukho nethiwekhi, futhi amakhono angeke afune umuntu. lapho amanani ahlala khona, ifomu lilungile. lapho ayikho, lena yisizathu sokushintsha. I-TIFF iyifomethi yefayela lesithombe ephawulwe kusukela ngo-1986, futhi iyifomethi yokuskena, ukushicilela kanye nokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezijwayelekile.

Ingabe ikhamera nendawo yedatha yemeta igcinwa uma ngiguqula i TIFF?

Ithwala lapho ifomethi efuna ukufinyelela isekela khona - imodeli yekhamera, ukuboniswa, isikhathi sokuqoqa, kanye ne-GPS coordinates uma isisetshenziswa sizorekhoda. Le yamuva ifanele ukucabanga ngaphambi kokuthunyelwe: isithombe esihamba phambili esisuka kufoni singathwala indawo efanele ethathwe. Nciphisa i-metadata ngesikhathi sokushintshana uma isithombe sihamba endaweni esemthethweni.

Ingabe ngidinga isofthiwe ye-Adobe ukuvula i-TIFF?

Ukufunda, cha — ifomu libhalwe futhi lisetshenziswa ngokubanzi, futhi kunezithuluzi eziningi ezivula. Ukusebenza okuphelele, isicelo esiqalayo sihlala siyisibonelo sokusetshenziswa, futhi amafayela abhekene nezici zayo ezikhethekile angahluka kwezinye izindawo. Ukuguquka lapha akudingi ilayisense ye-Adobe futhi akukho kufaka okungaphakathi.

Kungani i-TIFF ingabonisi kwi-browser yami?

Ngenxa yokuthi iziphequluli zisebenzisa uhlu oluncane lwefomethi yesithombe futhi TIFF ingaphandle kwayo — ihlobene nokuhlola, uphrinta noma ukuguqulwa komsebenzi ohambayo ngaphezu kwe-web. Ihele alilahleki; lingenakho umbhalo oguqula ikhasi. Ukushintsha isithombe sefomethi yewebhu-endawo kuyindlela yokulungisa isinqumo esisodwa futhi kuvame ukwenza ihele lincane kakhulu.